In conclusion, this experimental study shows the role of dietary fermentable fiber and SCFAs in modulating host immune response against influenza infection. Beyond their well-known anti-inflammatory properties, SCFAs may also act by shaping monocyte hematopoiesis and CD8+ T cell metabolism. The role of dietary fiber in the development of protective immunity and reduced immune-mediated pathology with regards to the influenza infection deserves further research, in order to elucidate whether SCFAs may be involved in preventing and treating viral infections.