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Very young children who live close to a major roadway were twice as likely to score lower on tests of communications skills and had a 17.7% higher risk of overall screening failure at 24 months compared to those who live farther away from a major roadway.

Pregnant women exposed to higher-than-normal levels of pollutants from traffic also had children that had a higher likelihood of developmental delays during infancy and early childhood.

These results and other similar studies suggest that it may be important to minimize exposure to air pollution during key brain developmental periods including pregnancy, infancy, and early childhood.

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