Runners’ brains have greater functional connections between distinct brain regions linked to executive function and motor control.

It has been shown that movement, especially at high speeds, not only engages motor control but also engages executive function, spatial navigation, and memory abilities. Over time, these linked cognitive demands may have beneficial effects on brain structure and function. Recent studies have shown that highly fit and competitive young adult athletes perform better on tests of executive function and processing speed in non-sport specific cognitive tasks.