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“These findings suggest that a high salt diet promotes tau hyperphosphorylation and subsequent formation of tau tangles, likely due to reduced levels of nitric oxide. The authors of the study suggested that reducing salt intake may prevent the formation of tau tangles.”

“The intensive oat diet also changed the gut microbiome and altered stool metabolites, small molecules produced by gut microbes during digestion. One bacterial group, Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003, was more abundant after the short oat intervention.”

“Green leafy vegetables stood out as having the greatest beneficial influence on brain health and Alzheimer's disease pathology. The Mediterranean Diet emphasizes the consumption of vegetables, fruits, legumes, healthy fats, and at least three servings of fish weekly.”

“People with the highest diet-related inflammatory score had a 58% increased cancer risk compared to those with the lowest scores. Cancer risk increased by 8.3% when the diet-inflammatory score increased by 1 from a linear dose-response analysis.”

“Examination of the animals' joints revealed that the rats that ate the ketogenic diet had less joint inflammation than those fed a normal diet. Next, the investigators assessed the effects of beta-hydroxybutyrate on neutrophils, a type of immune cell, from both young and old humans.”

“This fasting-like diet also promotes regeneration of the myelin in mice with multiple sclerosis. In human patients with multiple sclerosis, the fasting-like diet led to improvements in symptoms if followed by a Mediterranean diet or a ketogenic diet.”

“Studies in animal models indicate that during prolonged fasting, healthy cells shift to a resting metabolism that protects them from nutrient scarcity; however, cancer cells are unable to do this. The current study investigated whether the fasting-mimicking diet influenced the toxicity or effectiveness of chemotherapy in women with early-stage breast cancer.”

“Diets with lower caloric content accelerated production of proteins required for overall protein synthesis (particularly genes for a cellular machine called the spliceosome). As dietary protein content increased, oxidative stress in mitochondria increased.”

“Ketogenic diet and beta-hydroxybutyrate improve gene transcription and reduce intellectual disability in Kabuki syndrome. Kabuki syndrome is a debilitating inherited disorder caused by mutations in two genes involved in the regulation of chromatin remodeling, one of the first steps in DNA transcription.”

“As a comparison diet, participants also consumed an American dietary pattern (12 percent saturated fat). All participants consumed each diet for four weeks in a randomized order and had their blood drawn at multiple time points for cholesterol testing.”