Related Episodes for Dr. Eran Elinav: Microbiome Insights into Personalized Response to Diet, Obesity, and Leaky Gut

“The menus were matched for presented calories, energy density, total sugar, sodium, and fiber, but not added sugar: much more of the ultra-processed diet's sugar was added rather than contained in fruit. Protein was also only approximately matched, at about 14% versus 15.6% of calories.”

“Since then, countless studies have tested Pauling's theories about vitamin C, colds, and cancer (and many others), and a substantial body of evidence has emerged, identifying critical roles for vitamin C in immune function, cardiovascular and respiratory health, cognitive development and preservation, and many other aspects of human health.”

“A 2025 meta-analysis found improved quality of life, no clear overall change in ejection fraction, and a borderline improvement in New York Heart Association functional class across a small set of trials.”

“The modeled relationship between vigorous and moderate activity varied by outcome: one vigorous minute corresponded statistically to 4.1 moderate minutes for all-cause mortality, 7.8 for cardiovascular mortality, 3.5 for mortality from selected activity-related cancers, and 1.6 for cancer incidence.”

“Supplementation trials answer a different practical question: in VITAL, 1 gram of marine omega-3s daily did not significantly reduce the primary cardiovascular composite over 5.3 years, although total heart attacks were lower as a secondary outcome.”

“In a controlled five-week crossover trial involving men with prediabetes, an early six-hour eating window with dinner before 3 p.m. improved insulin sensitivity, pancreatic beta-cell responsiveness, blood pressure, oxidative stress, and appetite without causing weight loss.”