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Dr. Rhonda Patrick answers audience questions on various health, nutrition, and science topics in this Q&A session.

Dr. Rhonda Patrick discusses joint aging prevention, avoiding heavy metals in protein, reducing migraines, nicotinamide for skin, and minimizing jet lag.

“In this podcast, we discuss and critically analyze a recent headline-grabbing editorial that was published in the Annals of Internal Medicine that reviewed three studies on the topic of multivitamins and chronic disease prevention. We analyze the important shortcomings of the studies and talk about the mechanism.”

“One hypothesis is that DNA repair enzymes, known as PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase), might be using up more NAD+ to fix the accumulated DNA damage that occurs with age. Alternately, the cellular pathway that recycles NAD+ may decline in performance with age.”

“A staggering 60% of all calories Americans consume come from ultra-processed foods that fail to induce proper satiety, remain cheaper than whole foods, and hijack our dopamine reward pathways, pushing us to overeat, incentivizing unhealthy food choices, and reinforcing addictive eating behaviors.”

“When most people think about certain lifestyle factors that affect insulin sensitivity and blood glucose levels, they think about macronutrient composition, or calories, or fasting, or exercise (and lack of), but they don’t often think about sleep.”

“Based on findings from more recent studies using stable isotopes, which more accurately assess muscle protein anabolism and catabolism, Dr. Phillips believes that eating 1.2 to 1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of bodyweight (about 0.5 to 0.7 grams per pound) is likely optimal for muscle protein synthesis, especially as one ages.”

“In contrast, a five-week trial in 181 people with diabetic polyneuropathy found that oral alpha-lipoic acid improved symptom scores, with more nausea, vomiting, and vertigo at higher doses. PQQ has a much smaller human evidence base.”

“A systematic review and meta-analysis found no evidence that one time of day produces universally better improvements in health or performance, although gains can be larger when the time of training matches the time of testing.”

“The menus were matched for presented calories, energy density, total sugar, sodium, and fiber, but not added sugar: much more of the ultra-processed diet's sugar was added rather than contained in fruit. Protein was also only approximately matched, at about 14% versus 15.6% of calories.”