Related Episodes for Immune stimulation may treat depression via cytokines that boost neurotrophic factors | Charles Raison

“A 12-month randomized controlled trial found that vitamin D supplementation improved cognitive function, intelligence quotient scores, telomere length, and lowered oxidative stress markers in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (compared to placebo), suggesting that not only does vitamin D supplementation improve biomarkers of aging, but also functional outcomes.”

“A 2025 meta-analysis found improved quality of life, no clear overall change in ejection fraction, and a borderline improvement in New York Heart Association functional class across a small set of trials.”

“The trial found selected changes in antioxidant capacity, immune-cell apoptosis, and inflammatory gene expression, while several main circulating oxidative-stress measures did not differ from plain water. Clinical findings remain modest and depend on the population and outcome.”

“Pooled intervention data suggest that about 1.5 to 2 grams of combined EPA and DHA per day can raise the Omega-3 Index in many adults over several months, although individual responses vary.”

“A separate cohort of 12,388 adults associated vitamin D exposure with 40 percent lower dementia incidence, and a 12-month randomized trial of 183 older adults with mild cognitive impairment found improvements on several cognitive tests with 800 IU per day.”