Related Episodes for How common drugs concentrate in breast milk | CAFFEINE, CANNABIS, ALCOHOL, NICOTINE

“One hypothesis is that DNA repair enzymes, known as PARP (poly ADP-ribose polymerase), might be using up more NAD+ to fix the accumulated DNA damage that occurs with age. Alternately, the cellular pathway that recycles NAD+ may decline in performance with age.”

“Although scientists have identified other lifestyle behaviors that can help prevent the build-up of amyloid plaques by boosting the capacity for glymphatic clearance – such as exercise and adequate intake of omega-3 – the most important factor by far is a good night's sleep, especially deep sleep.”

“When most people think about certain lifestyle factors that affect insulin sensitivity and blood glucose levels, they think about macronutrient composition, or calories, or fasting, or exercise (and lack of), but they don’t often think about sleep.”

“The hydrolytic conversion of glucoraphanin to sulforaphane requires myrosinase, an enzyme co-located within the leaves, stems, and other components of the plants in which it is found. In humans, myrosinase-producing gut bacteria can convert unhydrolyzed glucosinolates to their cognate isothiocyanates, as well.”

“In a placebo-controlled study of eight healthy adults, adrenaline infusion lowered plasma magnesium, and levels had not recovered one hour later. Investigators proposed a shift into cells after beta-adrenergic stimulation; the study did not measure cortisol, urinary loss, total-body depletion, or clinical deficiency.”

“Based on findings from more recent studies using stable isotopes, which more accurately assess muscle protein anabolism and catabolism, Dr. Phillips believes that eating 1.2 to 1.6 grams of protein per kilogram of bodyweight (about 0.5 to 0.7 grams per pound) is likely optimal for muscle protein synthesis, especially as one ages.”

“Human trials suggest that alpha-lipoic acid can modestly improve selected lipid measures. A dose-response meta-analysis of 12 studies found reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides across doses from 300 to 1,200 milligrams per day.”

“In contrast, a five-week trial in 181 people with diabetic polyneuropathy found that oral alpha-lipoic acid improved symptom scores, with more nausea, vomiting, and vertigo at higher doses. PQQ has a much smaller human evidence base.”

“A systematic review and meta-analysis found no evidence that one time of day produces universally better improvements in health or performance, although gains can be larger when the time of training matches the time of testing.”

“A 2025 meta-analysis found improved quality of life, no clear overall change in ejection fraction, and a borderline improvement in New York Heart Association functional class across a small set of trials.”