Search results for meta

“A meta-analysis of 53 randomized trials found that many forms of high-intensity interval training improve VO2 max. Longer work intervals of at least two minutes, at least 15 minutes of high-intensity work per session, and programs lasting four to 12 weeks produced larger gains than shorter or lower-volume formats.”

“A meta-analysis of 22 trials with 721 older adults found that adding creatine to resistance training increased lean tissue mass and upper- and lower-body strength. Dr. Patrick also discusses creatine as a brain-energy buffer.”

“A meta-analysis found that protein supplementation enhanced gains during resistance training, with no further average fat-free-mass benefit beyond roughly 1.6 grams per kilogram per day.”

“The appropriate point within that range depends on maintenance, muscle gain, fat loss, body recomposition, aging, energy intake, and training. A meta-analysis found small additional resistance-training gains from protein supplementation, with average fat-free-mass benefit leveling near 1.6 g/kg/day.”

“BPA and phthalates can interact with hormone-related biological pathways. Human studies have associated higher urinary BPA with lower testosterone in male adolescents, while a broader meta-analysis linked selected phthalate biomarkers with changes in male reproductive hormones.”

“However, two small, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experiments in which participants received BHB supplements (as ketone salt or ketone monoester) found that various markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including caspase-1 and interleukin 1-beta, increased, suggesting that the ketones may have unintended proinflammatory effects.”

“Brain response varies with baseline diet, age, dose, and physiological stress. A meta-analysis of 16 randomized trials found a modest benefit for memory, while effects on overall cognition and executive function were not significant.”

“Evidence for cognition is less consistent. A meta-analysis of 16 randomized trials found a modest memory benefit but no significant improvement in overall cognition or executive function.”

“The brain also uses creatine, although its uptake and cognitive effects vary. A meta-analysis of 16 small trials found modest benefits for memory and selected timed outcomes, with less consistent effects across overall cognition and executive function.”

“A meta-analysis of randomized trials lasting at least 12 months found that very-low-carbohydrate ketogenic diets produced greater average weight loss and improvements in several cardiometabolic markers than low-fat diets.”