Search results for autophagy

“Whereas autophagy promotes suppression during tumor initiation, it provides critical protection during tumor progression. In early-stage cancer, the initial suppression of autophagy may help prevent attracting undue attention from the immune system but may facilitate ongoing transformation.”

“In a study in which fasting mice were provided either caffeinated or decaffeinated coffee in drinking water, autophagy was observed in the liver, muscle, and heart just four hours after consumption. In this clip, Dr. Guido Kroemer discusses the autophagy-inducing qualities of coffee.”

“In the fasted state, however, cellular reductions in acetyl CoA switch on homeostatic mechanisms that mobilize those stockpiles via autophagy. Although the duration of nutrient deprivation necessary to induce autophagy varies among mammals, when mice or human volunteers experience starvation, autophagy can be observed on the whole-body level.”

“A key regulator of the process of autophagy is a drop in cellular levels of acetyl CoA, an end product of nutrient metabolism. As one would expect, fasting – the abstention from all nutrients – is a potent inducer of autophagy.”

“When mice or humans are deprived of nutrients, protein deacetylation – which often coincides with autophagy – begins to occur on the organism-wide level. Whether removal of single nutrients induces the same changes is not known.”

“Autophagy, a type of cellular recycling program, influences many aspects of health and disease, including cancer, neurodegenerative disease, and aging. Nutrient sensing is integral to autophagy, particularly concentrations of acetyl CoA, an end product of protein, fat, and carbohydrate metabolism.”

Autophagy facilitates ATP release from dying cells, triggering immunosurveillance by attracting myeloid cells through purinergic receptors.

Dr. Guido Kroemer describes the complex relationship that exists between cancer cells, the immune system, and autophagy.

“Prolonged fasting stimulates autophagy, an intracellular degradation system involved in the disassembly and recycling of unnecessary or dysfunctional cellular components. Autophagy is thought to be part of a coordinated biological process that is important for exposing cancer cells to the immune system, ultimately leading to their weakening and death.”

“Autophagy is a highly conserved adaptive response to stress during which a cell gathers unnecessary or damaged cellular components such as protein aggregates, pathogens, or organelles into vesicles and delivers them to lysosomes for destruction.”