Related Episodes for Vitamin C: Oral vs. Intravenous, Immune Effects, Cancer, Exercise Adaptation & More

“Disruption of a person’s chronotypic schedule can influence mood, productivity, and disease risk because it may interfere with the duration of their REM sleep, which is essential for emotional well-being.”

“Dr. Patrick also revises an earlier concern about acrylamide: although roasting can form it, the human evidence she reviews does not show that ordinary coffee intake raises cancer risk, and the overall epidemiology points in the opposite direction for several cancers.”

“Timing provides a practical compromise. Dr. van Loon favors protecting the first several hours after resistance or endurance training, then placing cold exposure later in the day or on a recovery day when muscle adaptation is the priority.”

“Other hormetic responses to cold exposure include increased production of PGC1-alpha, a protein that promotes mitochondrial biogenesis, the production of new, healthy mitochondria, and the activation of brown fat – a phenomenon once thought to occur only in newborns, but now known to occur in adults, especially after cold exposure.”

“Perhaps the most clear-cut examples of cryotherapy’s beneficial effects are observed in the brain, where levels of the hormone and neurotransmitter norepinephrine – responsible for vigilance, attention, focus, and positive mood – increase markedly when the body is exposed to extreme cold.”

“However, the term "fasting" can comprise a variety of subtypes. Intermittent fasting, a term lacking specificity, usually refers to interventions such as alternate-day fasting, fasting one day per week, or a five:two eating pattern (fasting for two days per week).”

“One aspect of COVID-19, discovered early in the pandemic, is that the illness occurs in two well-defined phases: an early and a late phase, usually demarcated by the onset of pneumonia.”

“Creatine works by building tissue stores, so consistent daily intake matters more than taking it immediately before a specific workout. Dr. Patrick and Dr. Candow also discuss its value during aging, when preserving training quality and muscle becomes increasingly important for function and independence.”

“Healthy, well-nourished adults can usually synthesize enough, and athlete trials have not found consistent improvements in immune measures, aerobic performance, body composition, or intestinal permeability from routine supplementation.”

Dan Pardi: Ph.D. candidate studying sleep neurobiology at Stanford and University of Leiden, co-founder of Dan’s Plan online wellness company.