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“When adults with high blood pressure took cocoa flavonoid capsules (providing 862 milligrams of cocoa flavonoids) for eight consecutive days, their systolic blood pressure dropped by as much as 1.7 mmHg, and their pulse wave velocity decreased by as much as 0.14 m/s.”

“In a trial of middle-aged, low-fitness adults, urolithin A supplementation led to a 10–12% increase in lower-body muscle strength, a 10–15% increase in VO2 peak, and better performance on a 6-minute walk test, even when participants didn't engage in structured exercise training over the 4-month study.”

Dr. Rhonda Patrick answers audience questions on various health, nutrition, and science topics in this Q&A session.

“Conclusions Lactobacillus reuteri has demonstrated a plethora of unique biological effects across a wide range of clinical and non-clinical research that seemingly converge on a few fundamental mechanisms, including strengthening the gut barrier and immune system, improving metabolism, and protecting infants from digestive diseases, among others.”

“However, findings from a rodent study indicate that even low levels of nicotine exposure during pregnancy or early in life can increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS, by inhibiting the neonate's ability to autoresuscitate – the capacity to recover from prolonged periods of apnea, widely considered a causal factor in SIDS.”

“With such an important set of responsibilities, it is unsurprising that a decline in T cell-mediated immunity contributes to debilitating age-related illnesses: Reduced infectious immunity – Immunosenescence, a cellular process integral to thymic involution, is associated with reduced immunity to influenza and other respiratory infections and less effective response to influenza vaccination.”

“For example, I like buying baby spinach and kale for salads but they come in this gigantic plastic container that generates so much plastic waste just for a couple of salads. I'm going to stop buying those vats of plastic. What can you do to reduce your plastic footprint?”

“However, two small, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experiments in which participants received BHB supplements (as ketone salt or ketone monoester) found that various markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including caspase-1 and interleukin 1-beta, increased, suggesting that the ketones may have unintended proinflammatory effects.”

“In addition, a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial involving people diagnosed with mild-to-moderate dementia due to Alzheimer's disease found that participants who took a resveratrol supplement twice a day (up to 1 gram) for one year exhibited reduced levels of MMP9, a neurological inflammatory marker associated with increased neurodegeneration and inflammation.”

“Insulin resistance in the brain is implicated in Alzheimer’s disease and is one reason why some researchers refer to the condition as “Type 3 diabetes.” Melatonin has been shown to enhance beta-cell function (the beta-cells are insulin-producing cells in the pancreas) and reduce the burden of beta-amyloid plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation in the brain of diabetic rats.”