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“The active whole body hyperthermia group underwent mild-intensity hyperthermia using a Heckel device, with infrared lights heating the chest and coils warming the lower extremities until their core temperature reached 38.5°C—a process taking an average of 107 minutes (range 81–140 minutes)—followed by a 60-minute cool-down phase.”
“While aerobic exercise is often viewed preferentially through the lens of cardiovascular health, the diverse cascade of biological effects from exercise as a whole — and aerobic exercise, in particular — culminate to make it one of the most formidable and immediately practical real-world interventions for human aging and the brain.”
“Removing former drinkers from the non-drinker category reveals a different story: One study observed that the lowest risk for cardiovascular disease (i.e., ischemic heart disease) was right below one standard U.S. drink per week — men and women at this level of consumption had an ~18% lower risk compared to nondrinkers.”
“Caloric restriction, a potent inducer of autophagy, extends lifespan in many organisms but also reduces the risk of many age-related chronic diseases, such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and brain atrophy – likely attributable to the beneficial effects of autophagy.”
“Assessments of episodic memory based on a battery of cognitive tests demonstrated that the rate of cognitive decline experienced by healthy, older people who had amyloid-beta protein accumulation in their brain and who were APOE4 and BDNF Met carriers was roughly three times the rate of decline among those carrying only the BDNF Val allele (the more common form of the gene that retains valine).”
“A mouse study demonstrated that oral berberine (50 or 100 mg/kg/bw per day) reversed the depression-inducing effects of corticosterone injection by upregulating hippocampal synthesis of brain-derived neurotrophic factor – a type of protein that acts on neurons in the central and peripheral nervous systems and may be important for the antidepressant response.”
“However, two small, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled experiments in which participants received BHB supplements (as ketone salt or ketone monoester) found that various markers of NLRP3 inflammasome activation, including caspase-1 and interleukin 1-beta, increased, suggesting that the ketones may have unintended proinflammatory effects.”
Biological aging clocks use DNA methylation patterns and other biomarkers to estimate different dimensions of biological aging, including how old the body appears at the molecular level, how quickly aging-related changes are accumulating, and whether lifestyle or medical interventions may be changing the trajectory of aging.
“DAMPs such as HMG-1 bind to TLR4 and receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) on cells at the blood-brain barrier to induce an immune response that initially inhibits the deposition of amyloid-beta, a key feature of Alzheimer's disease progression.”
“However, findings from a rodent study indicate that even low levels of nicotine exposure during pregnancy or early in life can increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, or SIDS, by inhibiting the neonate's ability to autoresuscitate – the capacity to recover from prolonged periods of apnea, widely considered a causal factor in SIDS.”