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Dr. Rhonda Patrick discusses urolithin A, postmenopausal protein, microplastics, high-temperature saunas, sugar intake, and supplements for Parkinson's disease.

“The main ingredient-interaction evidence concerns polyphenol oxidase. A small controlled crossover study found that a high-PPO banana smoothie greatly reduced circulating flavan-3-ol metabolites compared with a low-PPO berry drink or capsule control.”

“Human trials suggest that alpha-lipoic acid can modestly improve selected lipid measures. A dose-response meta-analysis of 12 studies found reductions in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides across doses from 300 to 1,200 milligrams per day.”

“A meta-analysis in older adults found greater gains in lean mass and strength when creatine accompanied training, while a systematic review found the most consistent benefits after at least 12 weeks of combined use. Dr. Phillips also highlights emerging cognitive evidence.”

“But evidence suggests that supplemental vitamin D in lactating women can increase breast milk concentrations to levels that are adequate to reduce the risk of deficiency in breastfed infants. In this clip, Dr. Rhonda Patrick describes the data suggesting that maternal supplemental vitamin D can reduce the risk of deficiency in breastfed infants.”

“Similarly, the timing of eating and exercise, especially in elite athletes, has not been studied and may, in fact, require self-experimentation by the athletes as they find the perfect interval of fasting to support their optimal performance.”

“Candidates include vitamin D, omega-3 fatty acids, and TA-65, a product that purportedly contains extracts of astragalus membranaceus, a plant-based compound that demonstrates immunomodulatory, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-aging effects, the latter of which are associated with longer telomeres.”

“A national survey analysis estimated 2.6% severe deficiency, 22% moderate deficiency, and 40.9% insufficiency among US adults, although prevalence changes with the threshold used. These categories should remain distinct because insufficiency is not the same as clinical deficiency.”

“A 12-month randomized controlled trial found that vitamin D supplementation improved cognitive function, intelligence quotient scores, telomere length, and lowered oxidative stress markers in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (compared to placebo), suggesting that not only does vitamin D supplementation improve biomarkers of aging, but also functional outcomes.”

“A 2025 meta-analysis found improved quality of life, no clear overall change in ejection fraction, and a borderline improvement in New York Heart Association functional class across a small set of trials.”